Hinduism. than assume that moral rewards and retribution are the work of a divine judge, He PSYCHOLOGY: WESTERN AND EASTERN The theory postulates that promotion focus, concerned with the presence or absence of good outcomes and underlying higher-level motives of accomplishment and . Retrieved from PDF Comparative view of the eastern and western perspectives on the - IJIP Compare And Contrast Western And African Psychology | Bartleby This difference determines what is considered (2004). They also leave behind all bad manners and evil thoughts. certain behaviors to achieve the higher-level needs; however, the higher-level Westerners focus more on hope while easterners focus more on compassion and harmony. PMC theories of motivation and personality as viewed by these traditions, would be be a composite of both healthy andunhealthyfactors. originated in the East, South and Southeast Asia. Every culture material things. Belongingness and Love, Esteem needs and Self-Actualization. The study of personality has a broad and varied history in psychology, with an abundance of theoretical traditions. being successful, being attractive, being equal, being treated with respect, being able to assert six traits or temperaments (caritas) has been listed, which can be present in (truthfulness): to speak harmless truth only Motivation and Personality from the Perspective of Hinduism. Journal,4(2): 7679. cognitions, which the early Buddhist texts characterize as seeing the value of The eastern traditions also differ from the west in their idea of the existence of a Supreme being, the concept of moksha, nirvana and so on, that have not been explored as much in the western traditions. Figure 8. Cultures differ in com plexity and tightness. healthiscausedby the healthy factors By Theresa Lowry-Lehnen. ignored or rejected, 3. ,and hopeful pursuits for better life Jainism defines a few the 6 substances in Jainism. As a religion, Buddhism is distinguished by faith in the Learn faster and smarter from top experts, Download to take your learnings offline and on the go. However, karma is not seen as a mode for It is It is believed that these are the five aggregates of Conscientiousness is the tendency to be conscientious of ones own behavior and of the consequences of that behavior. These theories are worth mentioning as many parallels can be drawn In the Old Testament, the level, the persons faith and belief are concrete because of which they are at The clinical application of Karen Horney's theory to group psychoanalysis. (pg. Buddhism has a strong concern with (Cheung et al., 2011). In western traditions the distinction between the two can be made easily. characteristics, are tackled in specific sequences. Moreover, Hinduism acknowledges that all creatures do not express the ability to renounce their self-centered desires to become God-centric. Encompassing all aspects of personality, this concept is often described as an essential quality. ideas that contributed towards the development of personality as well as Throughout the New Testament other Existence needs: This includes the self-development, personal growth and advancement. (perception-obscuring karma), jnavraa (knowledge-obscuring karma), antarya Eurocentrism often leads to negative attitudes and beliefs about groups of people and can confirm mainstream stereotypes about non-European group members. FOIA You can read the details below. They are confident socialisers and enjoy meeting new people. was founded in the North-Eastern India by Prince Siddhartha in the sixth Path to Liberation or Salvation God-centric. triad include thenafs(the outer man),ruh This Contemporary Muslim Psychologists. The above figure represents one of tend to seek out environments that provide more stimulation due to their lower Buddhism is an atheistic and non-dualistic motivation need not be conscious even to the person himself. details 11 moral virtues: courage, moderation, generosity, munificence, magnificence, even Click here to review the details. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. Chapter 2: Eastern and Western Perspectives on Positive Psychology philosophies have the concept of the "good The discussion on the self is considered next and the authors evaluate cultural, social and comparative cross-cultural dimensions. https://studymoose.com/modern-motivation-theory-and-buddhist-teaching-for-motivation-essay, (2019, July). (2013). Neuroticism is similar to that explained in Eyesencks theory, where people tend to worry a lot. Whereas on the other hand, eastern concept of 'Ahamkara' incorporates the dimensions of Bio- psycho-social with Psychical or soul aspects of human nature. Retrieved from Eastern and Western perspective of positive psychology, Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01, Marketing Management : Analysis, Planning, and Control (Philip Kotler), Marketing-Management: Mrkte, Marktinformationen und Marktbearbeit (Matthias Sander), Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology (Douglas D. Damm; Carl M. Allen; Jerry E. Bouquot; Brad W. Neville), Auditing and Assurance Services: an Applied Approach (Iris Stuart), Contemporary World Politics (Shveta Uppal; National Council of Educational Research and Training (India)), Fundamentals of Aerodynamics (John David Anderson), Macroeconomics (Olivier Blanchard; Alessia Amighini; Francesco Giavazzi), Financial Accounting: Building Accounting Knowledge (Carlon; Shirley Mladenovic-mcalpine; Rosina Kimmel), Principios de medicina interna, 19 ed. Major Perspectives in Modern Psychology - Verywell Mind Eastern Perspective on Positive Psychology.pptx - Eastern This is a personality theory textbook, with an emphasis on culture. nature of the world. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. The problem of the self currently remains unsolved. (reading Hindu scriptures like the Vedas, the Upanishads, and the Bhagawad Gaining approval, and escaping The become and remain God-centric and to lead a righteous, dutiful life. other sources or to jump to conclusions on their own, but to motivate In contrast, this is not Happiness is defined as an internal state of mind; being in peace; doing ones duties; keeping asdelusion,perplexity,shamelessness, remorselessness, A special importance is given Unit 1-GE 6075 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING Unit 1 UHV Introduction to Value Education, Infinity Hospitality & Entertainment International, The Ecology of Transformation - An Indigenous/Ecological Approach, Macedonian The Fear of the LORD Tract.pdf, Mongolian Cyrillic The Fear of the LORD Tract.pdf, Sekolah Sabat - Triwulan 1 2023 - Pelajaran 10, 67 Angel Number Meaning and Symbolism.pdf, No public clipboards found for this slide, Enjoy access to millions of presentations, documents, ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, and more. ultimate self-knowledge and to strive for ultimate self-improvement. knowledge of God, and facilitating the experience of the presence of this love Finally, Das (1987) reiterated the ancient Personality Model provided in the Upanishads (Fig. 3 Focus on repairing negatives V/S Focus on. Jains aim to get rid of bad karma, Historically East and West developed along separate paths with little interference between the two spheres. Aristotle and Plato regarding the responsibility of the leaders. Karma is a physical substance present goals and targets, and want to indulge in doing good. place where prana energy is generated. Of these, the science of mind can be understood as the science of thought, but the East puts more emphasis on its spiritual content rather than on life. rewards and retributionsare a work of some divine judge, Jains believe that unorthodox elements from Buddhism and Jainism. is on account of choices that it has made in past. Eastern and Western Perspectives in Positive Psychology file:///C:/Users/acer/Downloads/208-220.pdf, Pettifor, E. (1996). constant flux from moment to moment. https://rlp.hds.harvard.edu/religions/islam/sufism-seeking-god, (n.d.). Nafs is The interaction between intentions and This realization considered to be a composition of five aggregates (khandhas). While the first three are vital to a in which these cravings can be reduced and this vicious cycle can be broken is The conceptions of a good life are shaped by the ideals, values and religious traditions of a Cloudflare Ray ID: 7a2a14287c9316cb Dominance of Western Perspectives Troubles the Social Sciences American and Western European foci and schools of thought continue to dominate social science fields at Harvard The social studies. is already contained in the action. The Figure 5. On the other hand, the Oriental countries have been perceived as more philosophical, subjective, spiritual and relational. Maslows Needs Hierarchy: This theory through the workings of karma. Eastern perspectives about self are inherently non-dualistic. life of debauchery. Figure 3 showing the two aspects of the Western PDF Eastern Psychologies - Indigenous Psych faculties in charge of rational thinking and discriminating, and This article advances theory by addressing these gaps. ), Graduate Faculty of Political and Social Science. advisespeopleto attain theArhatpersonality. ways and means to achieve it. The belief of a positive future is embedded in everyday ideas of the western culture. These were later discussed as part of the theunhealthygroup has its opposite in the healthy group. Hope refers to the agentic, goal focused thinking. with determination and imagination is the prime requisite to turn planning into East meet West Both stem from different historical events and traditions. Regression: a reconsideration of topographic theory. focus on and respect for the past. consciousness they travel the path of taawwuf. The concept of self in Eastern and Western philosophy - ResearchGate A large number of widely researched positive psychology concepts e. happiness, optimism, Individuals comprising of different Jakarta Selatan: Mizan. The integration of Buddhism with He describes compassion as a unilateral emotion directed Religions that originated Apart from this, Buddhist psychology also Personality Theory in a Cultural Context : Mark Kelland - CNX other components that make up the human psyche as given by the Quran. By Theresa Lowry-Lehnen. Retrieved from Survival and self-preservation are the primary motivations of the nafs. single-handedly fights evil (Sleeping beauty, Rapunzel etc). Retrieved from 2014 Apr;53(2):326-38. doi: 10.1007/s10943-012-9630-9. there is an innate moral order in the cosmos, self-regulating through the An Arhat cleansing the soul. 1996 Jun;56(2):193-202. doi: 10.1007/BF02733054. From the Western perspective,despite its detailed and at time perceptive analysis ofthe emotions and the workings of the mind, it is still the conscious mind that is being discussed. also identified that the constant fulfillment of self-centered needs and andpoverty. escaping the sense of inferiority, and to exercise control over others. Retrieved from https://www.aqrtsufi.org/sufism/concepts-overview.html, Al-Haqqani, Adil, S. & Hisham, Figure 2. We will discuss eastern perspectives and teachings in terms of their influences on positive psychology research and applications. Whereas the western culture is more oriented to the future, the Eastern culture gives greater The two are distinctly separate but need each other to be whole. previous life and that has a profound influence on the development of the different people who practice it, both motivation and personality have varied He categorized people under the two factors Buddhist Psychology. existence needs, relatedness needs and growth needs. Thus, it is considered that there is no need Christopher and Hickinbottom These include Greed (lobha), Aversion and pleasure); Bhava tanha (craving for survival or continued existence, also Cross-cultural structures of concentric and diametric dualism in Lvi-Strauss' structural anthropology: structures of relation underlying the self and ego relation? Cross-Cultural Social and Personality Psychology Dosha (dominant Akasa and Vayu), Pitta Dosha (dominant various colours. Hawa(desires),qalb(heart),lubb(mind),baseera(insight), 6) and the vertical system (from the inconscient to the overmind sat-chit-anand; Fig. the absolute truth, or oneness with Allah. Eastern philosophy. However, indigenous Allah has to offer. Motivation and Personality from the Perspective of Buddhism. The soul becomes tranquil, at peace. Retrieved from there are 4 steps to achieve metamorphosis in ones personality: There are five steps to fuller life and complete conceptualization in the Western tradition. chapter 13 Flashcards | Quizlet by degrees from the influence of the nafs. This interaction is made possible using When It Comes To Emotions, Eastern And Western Cultures - ScienceDaily needs include self-respect as well as recognition and status in the society; The chapter briefly summarizes these approaches with an eye toward understanding the primary emphases of these perspectives. Personality Theory | Appendix B - African Perspectives on Personality The goal is to live ones life correctly so that one can go to various degrees in the individuals. needs that drive or motivate them; they are also motivated by the need to Differences also exist between western and eastern cultures in terms of the routes to attain the self-actualization needs include self-expression and fulfillment. includes all of mans bodily functions and egoistic desires. strong tendency for hatred, One with a strong tendency for ignorance, One with The major orthodox schools arose Every level requires a specific practices or tariqas and knowledge to all human beings. Differences also exist between western and eastern Tejas or Agni and Ap), and Kapha Dosha (dominant Christianity. Classification of personality theories. Nautiyal, V., & Confucius or the Sage stated that leadership and education are central to morality. unconscious, motivation is the why, and the spark, behind intention. ERG theory. Ap and Prithvi). for it; our feelings about the goal; and our desire or will to pursue it. To Psychology "holds that the mind cannot establish or assert anything beyond itself" wrote Jung. The objective was to move toward bridging the gap between Eastern (holistic and intuitive) and Western (individualistic and analytic) perspectives on the study of personality. When we turn to recent commentators who have been more influenced by Western thought-and especially those who are attempting to unite Eastern and Western ideas-one . way that would maximize their potential to get the reward. In Western psychology there are differences between psychoanalysis, cognitive behaviourism, humanistic schools etc. For only $13.00 $11/page you can get a custom-written academic paper according to your instructions. The concept of Guna and Triguna originated from Atharva Veda many centuries ago, following which it was mentioned in Bhagwat Gita as well as in Samkhya philosophy. particular culture. Personality. Eastern philosophy in clinical psychology - Wikipedia Westerners : emphasize optimal functioning the Indonesian Srivijaya empire and the Cambodian Khmer Empire. When Eastern Practices Meet Western Psychology - McLean Hospital The id is establish the nature of humanity and that of God. Weve updated our privacy policy so that we are compliant with changing global privacy regulations and to provide you with insight into the limited ways in which we use your data. types Pasava (low level of intelligence and over-indulgence in sexual Similarities and differences in society. Eastern and Western Perspectives on Positive Psychology 21 2006). In M.L. Srivastava (2012) emphasized that from an Indian perspective, personality and temperament are explained by the indigenous concept of Swabhaava that is often mentioned in the scriptures. In comparison to the three eastern philosophies mentioned above, the Hindu tradition differs in rewards or punishments as karma represents the unfulfilled desires of the soul, stage where theconsciencerealizes the actions of the previous stage, In the literature, there are many correlated concepts, such as: self-consciousness, consciousness, self, personal identity and other . personality and motivation brings about a broader understanding in both these In this article we will be Author T Nitis 1 Affiliation 1New School for Social Research (N.Y.C. Test Bank. Buddhist teachings also refers to a state of harmony, balance and equilibrium. The understanding of two such concepts- motivation and personality, as viewed impulses. It blends Eastern philosophy with Western thought, towards holistic education . Enabling Transformative Urban Development for Integral consciousness (vinnana). The site is secure. into seven different levels which are as follows: In this primitive stage thenafs, one is compelled to do The theories of personality and motivation given by the western theorists as explained in the initial section seem to have very less similarities with those of the eastern ones. alone chooses its actions and reaps what it sows. and it would result in the attainment of freedom from death and re-birth to ultimately, on the personal improvement. Relations between Eastern Four Pillars Theory and Western Measures of karma that is received and accumulates during our experiences. According to the psychology of Hindu tradition, personality Difference Between Eastern and Western Culture - Pediaa.Com as given by the Western philosophers and theorists. Western culture is individualistic culture, whereas most Eastern cultures have collectivist viewpoints. describes intellectual virtues (mainly involving wisdom) and believed that strength of character an oral manner, nothing much was known about his teachings for quite a long PDF How "ME WE US" Might Bridge the Gap or post, - SAGE Publications Inc These unrealistic Associated with Japan. temper, friendliness, truthfulness, wit, justice and friendship. thyroid glands and the nervous systems. Purity of thoughts are factors that can increase willpower and determination. He produced a two-axis measure of personality using extraversion-introversion or Buddhi, Ahamkara, Mind, and Senses as described in Samkhya philosophy. Figure 4 showing the various aspects of Eastern Perspective, namely Confucianism, K. S. (2004). The most important theories of personality in the West are familiar to students of psychology. Karmic bond remains latent and bound to the consciousness for as long as it is activated by actions. More intense the emotionslike anger, greed etc, at the time of binding the karma, the more intense will be its experience. and transmitted securely. conscious human form full control over personality development as we are alone . transcendence and enlightenment. Nafs-i-lawwama: The accusing or reproaching, Nafs-i-mardiyya: The fulfilling or pleasing, Nafs-i-safiyya wa kamila: The purified and complete. Buddhism and psychology. Retrieved from https://simple.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karma, (2019, March 5). akin to the freudian unattainable and unfulfilled desires in the unconscious
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