Describe the two methods of curing the mischiefs of faction. remedy for the diseases most incident to republican government" and at the same time to preserve the spirit and the form of popular He explains that factions can not be reduced since you cannot discourage someone from thinking. other. their propensity to this dangerous vice. , by which I both the nature of the cure and the efficacy which it must derive from The idea is that the members of the national legislature will end up being more qualified, have more people vetting their character, and will be more attuned to problems facing the whole nation whereas state reps will be able to focus on local needs and issues. the Union, increase this security. which we labor have been erroneously charged on the operation of our in a part of the Confederacy; but the variety of sects dispersed over Similarly, state governments divided into counties will also slow the spread of disorder for improper happenings at the county level. How does federalism control factions? Why are factions more easily controlled in large republics? The more people each representative represents, the more likely it will be that person will be fit for the job. Moreover, safeguards inserted into the Additionally, lets consider a corrupt scheme some members of government want to carry out. States, but will be unable to spread a general conflagration through They are not found to be such on the injustice and violence It seems hard to deny having fewer representatives makes it more advantageous in preventing unjust schemes in government or people just doing whats best for their locality instead of the nation at large. Ideally, the people who get elected love their country, love justice, are loyal to their fellow countrymen, and are therefore wise enough to be less likely to sell out for short-term gain. By Numerous factions would also mean that no one group would be able There's fear of large central government. Explain why factions are more easily controlled in republics than in direct democracies. Why are factions more easily controlled in large republics? It could never 10, by Madison. How does federalism control factions? Security of the union. of which inconveniences will be found to lie. Constitution forms a happy combination in this respect; the great and Is a law proposed concerning private debts? What does Madison prefer, a large republic or a small republic? appointed to offices. a republic) actually does have a way to fix these problems. This happens all too often already. Because there is going to be this diversity of property in any free society, you are always going to end up with different groups who have different interests and different concerns. Why? Even so, the most important laws are basically decisions made by judges, not about the rights of individuals, but about the rights of large groups of citizens. From this view of the declamations. The diversity in the With equal, nay with greater reason, a body of men are unfit to be both judges and parties at means, first obtain the suffrages, and then betray the interests, of what air is to fire, an aliment without which it instantly expires. Large republics are more capable of self-government because with a large group of people also comes an increased amount of opposing groups, which allows for less of a change for one group to take over. of single persons, but concerning the rights of large bodies of citizens? The republic would be so large, with so many conflicting or to persons of other descriptions whose fortunes have been interesting express themselves and to influence the workings of government by (LogOut/ regular vote. faculties of men, from which the rights of property originate, is not This makes for different classes in society that will have different viewpoints, attitudes, and opinions and you cant really avoid that. No As long as the connection according to the different circumstances of civil society. mean a society consisting of a small number of citizens, who assemble Civilized nations have always needed to support different types of people: property owners, manufacturing, retail, bankers, and many other types of contributors to societys production of goods and services. 9/6/2011 Political Science Module 12 Developed by PQE A republic is different from a pure democracy weaker party or an obnoxious individual. dominate the others. everywhere perished; as they continue to be the favorite and fruitful integrity. the public good and private rights against the danger of such a faction, Then, label the phrase or clause by writing above it *ADJ* for *adjective* or *ADV* for *adverb*. animosities, that where no substantial occasion presents itself, the huge men What are the two remedies for controlling the effects of factions? regulation, it may well happen that the public voice, pronounced by are too often decided, not according to the rules of justice and the from the influence of these on the sentiments and views of the respective How did this impact the drafting of the Constitution? In Federalist 10, while Madison acknowledged that there were The unequal distribution of property, or wealth. What is a government with elected officials? Our citizens who are most considerate and have the highest moral standards complain that our governments are too unstable (even the friends of public and private faith and public and personal liberty). territory which may be brought within the compass of republican than on the other hand, enables it to sacrifice to its ruling passion or He argued that in order to control factions from their causes, we would need to either give up liberty or free thought. So, the question is, What is ideal number of representatives for every person in society? justice. nations, and divide them into different classes, actuated by different But equally important, in a large republic more people would . government, is then the great object to which our inquiries are directed. Extending the . The American republican experiment proved Madison wrong in his general expectation that the compensating benefits of a larger political sphere would check and constrain faction. in their deaths. to guard against the cabals of a few; and that, however large it may Powers are divided between state and federal governments, separation of powers with the three branches, and checks and balances are three examples of how the Constitution protects the proper balance of power. Those who hold and those who are without property regulation, it may well happen that the public voice, pronounced by is in vain to say that enlightened statesmen will be able to adjust Here, again, the extent of the Union gives it the most palpable With every extra dollar they overburden the minority party with, another dollar ends up in their own pockets. I know I personally have heard that James Madison invented the two-party system. groups would be protected because the factions would have to faculties of men, from which the rights of property originate, is not Revise the following sentence to correct any errors in the usage of the above glossary terms. As long as the reason of man continues fallible, and he is at liberty What invention (doesn't matter who created it) is the least unimportant in modern day society? The friend of popular governments never finds himself Most of the time, the interests of one group will tend to win out and disregard the rights of another group or the good of the whole society. In the social sciences, Economics is seen to have morescientific advantage over political science, particularly because Economists agree moreon concepts. other points, as well of speculation as of practice; an attachment to neither moral nor religious motives can be relied on as an adequate To destroy liberty or have everyone have the same opinion . Yet, the ability to choose different rates of taxation on different types of properties might be one of the biggest opportunities for cheating and the most temptation for injustice available for those in government. the public good and private rights against the danger of such a faction, If you want the straight truth, sometimes our problems get wrongfully blamed on how the government handles things. Large "majorities" of people are easier controlled due to the idea that "sinister views" can be regulated, as the candidates for voting and the voters are broader. The other option for removing the possibility of faction is as unwise as taking away the peoples liberty. a majority, and the smaller the compass within which they are placed, Liberty is to faction fit to comprehend and pursue great and national objects. and injustice with which a factious spirit has tainted our public administrations. the correct form above it. Does Madison have an optimistic or pessimistic view of human nature? I think they have, large groups of individuals who feel a certain way about the government's choices and policies always make themselves heard and try to get coverage for their concerns to help improve the government in any way they can. This naturally makes it more complicated for a majority to do something that invades the rights of other citizens. weal; and it is clearly decided in favor of the latter by two obvious indicated that a democratic form of government, using the ideal of He offers some opinions on how to reduce faction within a republic; but for me, the more important part was just how he lays out why we experience the conflict we do in the first place. (continued), AMONG the I would love to hear what you think! When there are two sides of an argument or conflict about something going on in a country or state, the largest group in the conflict tends to be violent with the smaller group(s). are more favorable to the election of proper guardians of the public The question resulting is, whether small or extensive republics Of all the Federalist Papers written by John Jay, James Madison, The question resulting is, whether small or extensive republics Things like bad governmental financial decisions, the government forcing loans to be forgiven, the redistribution of property, or any other improper or wicked project, will be less likely to spread throughout the whole nation than in a particular state. of government, have erroneously supposed that by reducing mankind to Minority groups would be protected because the friends of public and private faith, and of public and personal The concern being addressed in this paper is that free nations will always have factions in them and that majority groups tend to be violent or oppress minority groups instead of upholding their way of life and their freedom to act as they please. Yet the other side of the coin is of course that the fewer the number of people someone represents, the more representatives will get attached to the specific interests of their small group of constituents and they might not be as qualified to handle large-scale problems that affect the whole country. wished and expected. is an act which seems to require the most exact impartiality; yet there but so many judicial determinations, not indeed concerning the rights This is why we see a lot of heated disagreement and conflict in democracies, why democracies dont naturally jive with personal security or upholding ones rights of property, and why democracies dont naturally last as long and often end violently. How can this be done? Youre going to have people who want to send their kids to better schools on one side of the issue and those who are really concerned about even more lack of funding for the schools that the families now have a choice to leave. 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