Answer: The Kalinagos believed in a benevolent god they called the Creator (also known as the Ancient One). A young Mandinka girl helping with the harvest. Introduction The Makkan Society //. Today, a marabout in Mandinka society may play many roles. Yet literacy among the Mandinka has two aspects. Sufis played a key role in the spread of Islam particularly to and within Africa. Islam has been blended with indigenous beliefs that involve worshiping the spirits of the land. ETHNONYMS: Akosa, Aluunda, Aruund, Eastern Lunda, Imbangala, Ishindi Lunda, Kanongesha Lunda, Kazembe Mutanda Lunda, Luapula Lunda, Lunda-Kazem, Igbo Thus, he maintains a special relationship with those spirits and is able to mediate between the spirits and the residents of the area. In Ghana, for example, the Almoravids had divided its capital into two parts by 1077, one part was Muslim and the other non-Muslim. A major milestone occurs in human societies when some of its members are first dedicated to activities that do not produce food. Their slave exports from this region nearly doubled in the second half of the 18th century compared to the first, but most of these slaves disembarked in Brazil. Today the Mandinka still practice Islam but have infused much of their own culture into the religion. Both sides in a dispute presented evidence, witnesses were cross-examined, and the alkalo made the decision, which almost always reflected the consensus of the village. They were excluded from holding political office. Human labor was once strictly gender- and age-specific among the Mandinka. mandinka religion before islamtenuta suvereto bibbona. His novels The Lieutenant of Kouta, The Barber of Kouta and The Butcher of Kouta attempt to capture the proverbs and customs of the Mandinka people in novelistic form.